The Role of Cytoskeleton of a Red Blood Cell in Its Deformability

Abstract

The red blood cell (RBC) is unique in terms of its structure
and function when compared to other cells in the blood and body. Its
anucleated characteristic and biconcave shape (indicative of high surface
area to volume ratio) render it deformable. This deformability is useful
during circulation when the red blood cell has to traverse capillaries
smaller than its size. The cytoskeleton of the red blood cell, a two dimensional
sheet like structure with dynamic linkages, plays a major role in its
deformability. The interdependent relationship between the cytoskeleton
and RBC deformability under various conditions such as metabolism,
hematologic and systemic disorders and senescence is reviewed.