From classical cryptography to quantum physics through quantum cryptography

Abstract

The first goal of the paper is point out and to demonstrate large importance security issues (in a very broad sense) have for modern science, technology and society and to discuss briefly the main areas, problems and challenges of classical cryptography. Second goal is to survey some of the main problems, directions and challenges of quantum cryptography. The last goal is to review some of the main impacts the outcomes of quantum cryptography have for our understanding of quantum physics.